Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID) is a generic term that is used to describe
systems that transmit the identity of an object or person wirelessly (in the
form of unique serial number), using radio waves. It’s grouped under the broad
category of automatic identification technologies. RFID is an technology that
incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio
frequency (RF) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an
object, animal or person. RFID is coming into increasing use in industry as an
alternative to the bar code.
The advantage of the RFID is that it does not
require direct contact or line-of-sight-scanning. An RFID system consists of
three components: an antenna and transceiver (often combined into one reader)
and a transponder (the tag). The antenna use RF waves to transmit a signal that
activates the transponder. When activated, the tag transmits data back to the
antenna. The data is used to notify a programmable logic controller that an
action should occur. The action could be as simple as raising an access gate or
as complicated as interfacing with a database to carry out a monetary
transaction.
Figure shows a typical RFID tag
consists of a microchip attached to a radio antenna mounted on a substrate. The
chip can store as much as 2 kilobytes of data. For example, information about a
product or shipment, data of manufacture, destination and sell by date can be
written to a tag. In order to retrieve the data stored on an RFID tag, a reader
is needed. A typical reader is a device that has one or more antennas that emit
radio waves and receive signals back from the tag. The reader then passes the
information in digital form to a computer system.
Background
RFID
(radio frequency identification) is a new technology that incorporates the use
of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency (RF) portion
of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or person.
RFID tags are not an "improved bar code" as the proponents of the technology
would like you to believe.
Besides
the RFID tag consist of unique ID for each tag. The technology used in RFID has
been around since the early 1920s. In our country, this technology already been
used for several years in certain place such as in Highway using card ‘Touch N
Go’ and our government also apply this technology by using RFID as I.C
(identification card). Some places, they prefer to used Barcode which is cheaper
than RFID. Technology spread very fast. In few years later, there is not impossible
if RFID will replace the barcode system in today’s life.
Nowadays,
there are lots of universities around our country and each of the university
consists of student up to 10 thousand. To handle a large amount of student may
be problem especially to get the attendance. Now, process to get attendance in majority
universities still used the manual process. The manual process means that when
start the class/lecture, lecturer will give a piece of attendance paper and students
will check their name and then will sign on it. At the end of class, lecturer will
take back the attendance paper and keep it as a record.
Normally,
the attendance paper need much time to sign by all students especially for
class with a lot of student. Students also forget to sign that attendance and
they were assuming absent that class. The problem also will happen when lecturer
forget to bring the attendance paper to class. Students need to write their name
on a piece of paper and sometimes student will take change to cheat in process getting
the attendance. The suitable solution for this problem is by design a system that
will record attendance automatically.
In
this project, RFID system used to record student attendance automatically.
This
project will used student ID card as RFID tag and a RFID reader. This RFID system
will be integrate with software. This method is more effective to prevent problem
in process getting attendance manually.
